How do trees improve air quality?

Trees play a critical role in improving air quality primarily through their ability to absorb pollutants and intercept particulates. They have leaves that capture and filter airborne particles like dust, smoke, and various pollutants. This process helps reduce the concentration of harmful substances in the atmosphere, contributing to cleaner air. Additionally, trees can absorb gases such as sulfur dioxide, ammonia, and nitrogen oxides, mitigating their impact on the environment.

While emitting oxygen is an essential benefit of trees, it is more about supporting life rather than directly improving air quality by removing contaminants. Producing carbon dioxide would be counterproductive to improving air quality, as carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change rather than alleviating air pollution. Shading urban areas provides comfort and reduces urban heat, but it does not directly address the reduction of airborne pollutants. Therefore, the primary mechanism through which trees enhance air quality is indeed their capacity to absorb various pollutants and capture particulate matter, which is accurately represented by the chosen answer.