What effect do trees have on energy conservation in urban areas?

Trees play a significant role in energy conservation in urban areas primarily by providing shade and managing wind effects. When strategically planted around buildings, trees can help reduce the need for air conditioning during hot months by blocking direct sunlight, thereby lowering indoor temperatures. This natural cooling effect can lead to decreased energy consumption, as there is less reliance on artificial cooling systems.

Additionally, trees can act as windbreaks during colder months, reducing heat loss from buildings. By slowing down wind speeds and providing insulation, trees help maintain warmer indoor temperatures, which in turn can lead to reduced heating costs.

In contrast, the other options do not contribute positively to energy conservation. While soil erosion can indeed occur in urban landscapes, it does not play a direct role in impacting energy efficiency. Increasing property taxes is not a benefit of energy conservation, and obstructing natural light would typically lead to increased energy use rather than conservation. Therefore, the correct choice is the one that accurately reflects the beneficial effects of trees on energy efficiency in urban settings.