What type of trees typically have a strong preference for vertical growth patterns?

Excurrent trees are characterized by a strong preference for vertical growth patterns, which is a hallmark of their structure. This type of growth is often seen in conifers, where the central leader or stem grows prominently taller than the lateral branches. This vertical growth habit allows excurrent trees to develop a conical shape, which helps them reduce wind resistance and capture maximum sunlight.

The excurrent growth form is advantageous in many environments as it minimizes competition with surrounding vegetation for light and space. This is particularly beneficial in forested areas where competition for resources can be intense. The central leader not only supports a strong structure but also aids in the overall stability of the tree in adverse weather conditions.

In comparison, other types of trees do not share this strong inclination towards vertical growth. Deciduous trees can exhibit various growth forms, including broad and spreading shapes. Multistem trees develop multiple leaders and often create a more bushy appearance, straying from a singular, upright growth pattern. Short stature trees typically grow to a smaller height and can have a variety of growth habits based on the species.

Therefore, the defining characteristic of excurrent trees is their preference for vertical growth, making them distinct from other growth forms.